Butterfly wings and fiber optics: a science update

The butterflies you see all around, and some of the moths at night, get their color on their wings by two very different processes. Some, like the monarchs, have dyes in their wings that give color. But the more interesting ones are the tropical ones that shimmer and glisten — their wing colors are made from structures that they grow, structures that bend, reflect and contain light-like miniature prisms. These structures have been given the name of gyroids and they are about to change the world we all live in — in a good way.

These gyroids are nano-structures. That is, they are very, very small. To make them using the finest tools we have in labs is possible. What is far more exciting is the breakthroughs coming out of government labs and Penn State, where they are starting to grow them, called chalcogenide glass replicas. So far, word is they have not been too successful. Seems butterflies can grow them perfectly, whereas we are clumsy. But our scientists are getting better.

u      u      u

Now, you may ask, what are we doing this butterfly wing color stuff for? Well, imagine a fiber optic cable, channeling light across the nation. Along the way, it leaks signal through its wall and every 200 miles or so you have to put an amplifier in the line to re-boost the signal.

We just cannot seem to make fiber optic cable perfectly, so that 100 percent of the light in one end emerges out the other. It is kind of like electricity, without the insulation on the outside, some of the juice will leak to the surrounding environment. That is why high-tension wires crackle when it drizzles.

So, by growing these gyroids, chalcogenide glass replicas, to surround the fiber optic cable, it will keep bending the light back into the cable, enabling all the light to reach the other end. How effective is Mother Nature’s insulator? So far, scientists think it could save about $1 billion a year in amplifiers, undersea cable repair, computer installations and other high-tech needs.

u      u      u

Earth’s gravity is a constant, right? That is what they taught you in school anyway. Well, a new satellite called Gravity Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE) has just finished mapping the earth and it has discovered that gravity varies all over the place. And it may vary by season as well (the pull of the sun in our summer is higher).

The earth is a sphere (ball) that has a few flat spots. GOCE was designed to sense tiny variations in the pull of gravity over the earth’s surface. Scientists use that data stream from the satellite to build a gravity map of the earth. Using that map, they can see where gravity is less strong and other places where it is stronger.

What is perhaps even more interesting is that GOCE can also theoretically see where magma is building up deep underground as gravity increases beneath a volcano, or where a shift in tectonic plates is about to happen.

In time, they may use GOCE to predict earthquakes and volcanic activity. But for now, the gravity map is helping watch the movement of the mass of water around the globe, better predicting weather and tidal forces. And what also has come out of this is a gravity color map you can find online. It shows the strength or weakness of gravity where you live.

u      u      u

OK, the differences may seem slight (variation from 9.78m/sec/sec at the equator to 9.83/sec/sec at the poles), but already scientists are exploring the animal capability to detect such changes as part of primordial migration navigation. Which way is north for a tern? Maybe they follow the gravity gradient.

What is most interesting is research into human evolution and culture. Europe, China and Malaysia have almost an equal gravitational pull. It is like they are 250 feet above the surface of the earth whereas in North America and east Africa the pull is like you are on the surface. Except in northern England. There is an anomaly there, where you are 120 feet below the surface level, just like in southern India and Mongolia. It may be what gives us the sense of place, the feeling of being “at home.�

Peter Riva, formerly of Amenia Union, lives in New Mexico.

Latest News

‘Vulnerable Earth’ opens at the Tremaine Gallery

Tremaine Gallery exhibit ‘Vulnerable Earth’ explores climate change in the High Arctic.

Photo by Greg Lock

“Vulnerable Earth,” on view through June 14 at the Tremaine Gallery at Hotchkiss, brings together artists who have traveled to one of the most remote regions on Earth and returned with work shaped by first-hand experience of a fragile, rapidly shifting planet, inviting viewers to sit with the tension between awe and loss, beauty and vulnerability.

Curated by Greg Lock, director of the Photography, Film and Related Media program at The Hotchkiss School, the exhibition centers on participants in The Arctic Circle, an expeditionary residency that sends artists and scientists into the High Arctic aboard a research vessel twice a year. The result is a show documenting their lived experience and what it means to stand in a place where climate change is not theoretical but visible, immediate and accelerating.

Keep ReadingShow less
Beyond Hammertown: Joan Osofsky designs what comes next

Joan Osofsky and Sharon Marston

Provided

Joan Osofsky is closing the doors on Hammertown, one of the region’s most beloved home furnishings and lifestyle destinations, after 40 years, but she is not calling it an ending.

“I put my baby to bed,” she said, describing the decision with clarity and calm. “It felt like the right time.”

Keep ReadingShow less
A celebratory season of American classics and new works at Barrington Stage Company
Playwright Keelay Gipson’s “Estate Sale” will have its world premier this summer at Barrington Stage Company.
Provided

Amid the many cultural attractions in the region, the Barrington Stage Company in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, stands out for its award-winning productions and comprehensive educational and community-based programming. The theater’s 2026 season is one of its most ambitious; it includes two Pulitzer Prize-winning modern classics, one of the greatest theatrical farces ever written, and new works that speak directly to who we are right now as a society.

“Our 2026 season is a celebration of extraordinary storytelling in all its forms — timeless, uproarious and boldly new,” said Artistic Director Alan Paul. “This season features works that have shaped the American theater, as well as world premieres that reflect the company’s deep commitment to developing new voices and new stories. Together, these productions embody what BSC does best: entertain, challenge and connect our audiences through theater that feels both essential and alive.”

Keep ReadingShow less
google preferred source

Want more of our stories on Google? Click here to make us a Preferred Source.

Hotchkiss Film Festival celebrates 15th year of emerging filmmakers

Student festival directors Trey Ramirez (at the mic) and Leon Li introducing the Hotchkiss Film Festival.

Brian Gersten

The 15th annual Hotchkiss Film Festival took place Saturday, April 25, marking a milestone year for a student-driven event that continues to grow in ambition, reach and artistic scope. The festival was founded in 2012 by Hotchkiss alumnus and Emmy-nominated filmmaker Brian Ryu. Ryu served as a festival juror for this year’s installment, which showcased a selection of emerging filmmakers from around the region. The audience was treated to 17 films spanning drama, horror, comedy, documentary and experimental forms — each reflecting a distinct voice and perspective.

This year’s program was curated by student festival directors Trey Ramirez and Leon Li, working alongside faculty adviser Ann Villano. With more than 52 submissions received, the selection process was both rigorous and rewarding. The final lineup included six films from Hotchkiss students.

Keep ReadingShow less
Artist Maira Kalman curates ‘Shaker Outpost’ in Chatham

The Laundry Room, a painting by Maira Kalman from the exhibition “Shaker Outpost: Design, Commerce, and Culture” at the Shaker Museum’s pop-up space in Chatham.

Photo by Maira Kalman; Courtesy of the artist and Mary Ryan Gallery, New York

With “Shaker Outpost: Design, Commerce, and Culture,” opening May 2, the Shaker Museum in Chatham invites artist and writer Maira Kalman to pair her own new paintings with objects from the museum’s vast holdings, and, in the process, reintroduce the Shakers not as relic, but as a living argument for clarity, usefulness and grace.

Born in Tel Aviv, Maira Kalman is a New York–based artist and writer known for her illustrated books, wide-ranging collaborations and distinctive work spanning publishing, design and fine art.

Keep ReadingShow less

Ticking Tent spring market returns

Ticking Tent spring market returns

The Ticking Tent Spring Market returns to Spring Hill Vineyards in New Preston on May 2.

Jennifer Almquist

The Ticking Tent Spring Market returns to New Preston Saturday, May 2, bringing more than 60 antiques dealers, artisans and design brands to Spring Hill Vineyards for a one-day, brocante-style shopping event from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m.

Co-founders Christina Juarez and Benjamin Reynaert invite visitors to the outdoor market at 292 Bee Brook Road, where curated vendors will offer home goods, fashion, tabletop and collectible design. Guests can browse while enjoying Spring Hill Vineyards’ wines and seasonal fare.

Keep ReadingShow less
google preferred source

Want more of our stories on Google? Click here to make us a Preferred Source.

google preferred source

Want more of our stories on Google? Click here to make us a Preferred Source.