Maple sugaring: a process born from tradition

The sugaring season here in northwest Connecticut is now in full swing. Driving along our country roads you can see the signs: buckets of all kinds attached to maple trees (and sometimes non-maple trees!), plastic tubing along hillsides making its way from tree to tree to the ultimate collection point and steam billowing from local sugar houses. Though the equipment varies from the rudimentary to the high tech, the principle is simple: boil maple sap, which is approximately 97 percent water and 3 percent sugar, to evaporate the water concentrating the sugar to approximately 67 percent. Nothing is added. Syrup boils at 7 degrees above the boiling point of water. So, if you put a candy thermometer into your boiling solution and it reads 219 degrees Fahrenheit, your syrup is done. If it reads higher than 219, you have passed syrup and are on your way to making maple candy. No big deal for the backyard sugar maker, really; it’s sweeter and it tastes great, but it may crystallize in your jars. However, for the commercial sugar maker or for people who bottle and store large quantities of syrup, accuracy is important. Most medium-sized producers use a syrup hydrometer to test the sugar content of the syrup by measuring the density of the solution. There are also computer-powered meters that take all the guesswork out of it!The different grades of syrup often cause confusion. The darker syrup is not boiled longer, it does not have a different sugar content, and nothing is added to make it darker. The process is the same. Typically, the syrup becomes darker toward the end of the season when more minerals and nutrients are evident in the sap. Also, as the weather continues to get warmer, the sap becomes subjected to sugar-eating bacteria which are killed during the boiling process but tend to reduce the sugar content of the sap thus requiring a longer boiling time. The quicker sap is boiled into syrup, the lighter the grade will be. If the process is stopped and started a number of times before a batch is made, the syrup will be darker — which, based on the opinion of most people I talk to is a good thing!Now a quick word about the equipment. Regardless of what it looks like, an evaporator is a big pot that boils sap. In fact many a pint of syrup has been made in backyards using spaghetti pots. It takes a while, and the syrup will be of the darker variety, but it is a fun family activity. Just don’t try it indoors without an extremely good ventilation fan as that much steam has a habit of loosening wallpaper and wreaking other havoc. The next step up is a backyard sugar maker rig, which is typically a 55-gallon drum on its side that acts as a firebox, with a stainless steel flat pan sitting on an opening cut into the drum.Past that, the sky’s the limit. A typical commercial evaporator consists of an arch (firebox) and two pans connected together. The back pan or flue pan is the larger of the two and has flues or groves in the bottom of it so that the fresh sap is heated fast and furiously on three sides. From the back pan, the sap flows into the front pan or syrup pan. This is a flat pan that heats the sap only from the bottom and allows for more control. As water is evaporated off, sap flows across the pan through partitions with the most concentrated solution being at the far end of the flow. This is where it is tested and drawn off when finished, enabling the sugar maker to draw off syrup without cooling down the evaporator or stopping the process.The more high-tech units look something like what you would find in a sci-fi movie. They can be oil- or gas-fired, have steam hoods for efficiency and include computer controlled electronic draw-off units where syrup is drawn off automatically at exactly the right time. Reverse osmosis machines are also used by bigger producers. These machines extract a large percentage of the water in the sap using membranes before it gets to the evaporator. Because of the reduced boiling time, these producers can make lighter syrup more consistently and reduce labor costs. At Audubon, we prefer the traditional method where you can see the sap boiling, hear the crackle of the fire and smell the steam as it billows to the top of the sugarhouse. To experience this for yourself, visit the Sharon Audubon Center for MapleFest, our maple syrup open house, March 17 from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. Scott Heth is the director of Audubon Sharon and can be reached at sheth@audubon.org, (subject line: Nature Notes).

Latest News

Robin Wall Kimmerer urges gratitude, reciprocity in talk at Cary Institute

Robin Wall Kimmerer inspired the audience with her grassroots initiative “Plant, Baby, Plant,” encouraging restoration, native planting and care for ecosystems.

Aly Morrissey

Robin Wall Kimmerer, the bestselling author of “Braiding Sweetgrass” and a member of the Citizen Potawatomi Nation, urged a sold-out audience at the Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies on Friday, March 13, to rethink humanity’s relationship with the natural world through gratitude, reciprocity and responsibility.

Introduced by Cary Institute President Joshua Ginsberg, Kimmerer opened the evening by greeting the audience in Potawatomi, the native language of her ancestors, and grounding the talk in a practice of gratitude.

Keep ReadingShow less

Melissa Gamwell’s handmade touch

Melissa Gamwell’s handmade touch
Melissa Gamwell, hand lettering with precision and care.
Kevin Greenberg
"There is no better feeling than working through something with your own brain and your own hands." —Melissa Gamwell

In an age of automation, Melissa Gamwell is keeping the human hand alive.

The Cornwall, Connecticut-based calligrapher is practicing an art form that’s been under attack by machines for nearly 400 years, and people are noticing. For proof, look no further than the line leading to her candle-lit table at the Stissing House Craft Feast each winter. In her first year there, she scribed around 1,200 gift tags, cards, and hand drawn ornaments.

Keep ReadingShow less
Regional 7 students bring ‘The Addams Family’ to the stage

The cast of “The Addams Family” from Northwest Regional School District No. 7 with Principal Kelly Carroll from Ann Antolini Elementary School in New Hartford.

Monique Jaramillo

Nearly 50 students from across the region are helping bring the delightfully macabre world of “The Addams Family” to life in Northwestern Regional School District No. 7’s upcoming production. The student cast and crew, representing the towns of Barkhamsted, Colebrook, New Hartford and Norfolk, will stage the musical March 27 and 28 at 7 p.m., with a 2 p.m. matinee on March 29 in the school’s auditorium in Winsted.

Based on the iconic characters created by Charles Addams, the musical follows Wednesday Addams, who shocks her famously eccentric family by falling in love with a perfectly “normal” young man. When his parents come to dinner at the Addams’ mansion, two very different families collide, leading to an evening of secrets, surprises and unexpected revelations about love and belonging.

Keep ReadingShow less
google preferred source

Want more of our stories on Google? Click here to make us a Preferred Source.

‘Quilts of Many Colors’ opens at Hunt Library

Garth Kobel, Art Wall Chair, Mary Randolph, Frank Halden, Ruth Giumarro, Project Chair, Maria Bulson, Barbara Lobdell, Sherry Newman, Elizabeth Frey-Thomas, Donna Heinz around “The Green Man.”

Robin Roraback

In honor of National Quilt Day, a tradition established in 1991, Hunt Library’s second annual quilt show, “Quilts of Many Colors,” will open Saturday, March 21, with a reception from 5 to 7 p.m. The quilts, made by members of the Hunt Library Quilters, will be displayed through April 17. All quilts will be for sale, and a portion of each sale goes to the library.

At the center of the exhibit is a quilt the Hunt Library Quilters collaborated on called the “Quilt of Many Colors,” inspired by Dolly Parton’s song”Coat of Many Colors.” Each member of the Hunt Library Quilters made two to four 10-inch squares for the twin-size quilt, with Gail Allyn embroidering “The Green Man” for the center square. The Green Man, a symbol of rebirth, is also a symbol of the library, seen carved in stone at the library’s entrance. One hundred percent of the sale of this quilt benefits the library.

Keep ReadingShow less

New in at Kenise Barnes Fine Art

New in at Kenise Barnes Fine Art

New works on display at Kenise Barnes Fine Art in Kent

D.H. Callahan

Since 2018, Kenise Barnes Fine Art in Kent has been displaying an impressive rotation of works across a range of artists and mediums. On Saturday, March 14, art enthusiasts arrived to see a new exhibition at the gallery featuring a wide variety of new pieces.

Large-scale paintings by David Collins and Melanie Parke alongside small 3-by-3 inch oil-on-panel works by Sally Maca.

Keep ReadingShow less
Trailblazing divorce attorney Harriet Newman Cohen to speak at Norfolk Library

Harriet Newman Cohen

Provided

Harriet Newman Cohen weathered many storms in her five-decade-long journey to become one of the nation’s most celebrated divorce attorneys. Voted one of the top 100 attorneys in New York for many years, Cohen served as president of the New York Women’s Bar Association and has been a champion of divorce reform. She and her co-author, journalist David Feinberg, will give a book talk about her memoir, “Passion and Power: A Life in Three Worlds,” at the Norfolk Library on Sunday, March 22 at 2 p.m.

What began as a personal record of her life, intended for her family, grew into a memoir that journalist Carl Bernstein describes in his endorsement as “wise and riveting.” Born in 1932 in Providence, Rhode Island, to parents who immigrated in 1920 from Ukraine and Poland, Cohen traces the arc of her life and the challenges she faced entering a legal profession that was overwhelmingly male at the time, leading to her success as a maverick divorce attorney fighting for women’s rights and equity in the law. She received her Juris Doctor, cum laude, from Brooklyn Law School in 1974, one year after Roe v. Wade was decided. She is a founding partner of Cohen Stine Kapoor LLP in New York City, a family and matrimonial law firm she formed in 2021, at age 88, with her daughter Martha Cohen Stine and Ankit Kapoor.

Keep ReadingShow less
google preferred source

Want more of our stories on Google? Click here to make us a Preferred Source.

google preferred source

Want more of our stories on Google? Click here to make us a Preferred Source.