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Building on memories of Great Barrington’s Du Bois

GREAT BARRINGTON —William E.B. Du Bois (1868-1963) would barely recognize the Berkshire town where he spent his formative first 17 years. The scholar, educator and civil rights activist who has twice appeared in United States commemorative stamps, returned to town repeatedly after earning his bachelor’s degree at Fisk University, after being the first of African descent to earn a doctorate from Harvard, after editing The Crisis magazine for the NAACP. He came back to visit relatives. He came back in 1928 to undertake what turned out to be a failed attempt to turn his grandfather Othello Burghardt’s old home on Egremont Plain into a vacation retreat. He came back a last time in 1961 to bury his daughter, Yolanda, alongside her brother, Burghardt, and mother Nina in the Mahaiwe Cemetery.

Du Bois wouldn’t recognize all the building that’s gone on in town since he was last here. But more, he wouldn’t recognize the new attitude toward diversity and the black legacy.

When he was 16, encouraged by his high school principal, Frank A. Hosmer, to take a gap year before venturing south to begin his secondary studies, Du Bois was a correspondent for the New York Globe, a weekly for a black audience. He reported on social doings, a rich source of which were the meetings of the African Methodist Episcopal Society at the carriage house on Mary Frances Sherwood Hopkins’ Kellogg Terrace (now the John Dewey Academy on Main Street).

The year he left for Fisk, Jason Cooley, Manuel Mason and other AME elders put up a small church building on Elm Court. Completed in 1887, it became Clinton AME Zion Church.

Du Bois was not a church member (his mother attended either St. James Episcopal Church or First Congregational), but he spoke there on “Some Impressions on Europe” in 1894.

In recent years, the church became a focal point for a University of Massachusetts archaeological dig at the Burghardt Homesite and a regular lecture venue for a range of programs featuring civil rights activists, entertainers and historians.

Declining attendance forced the church’s closing in 2017.

Clinton Church Restoration was organized to save and preserve the building and convert it into a cultural center. The church is on the National Register of Historic Places.

What would impress Du Bois is, the group has a successful fundraising underway. Through donations and grants, it commissioned a Historic Structure Report by Steve McAllister of Clark & Green Architecture Design of Great Barrington, that was issued a year ago. Last week, the group announced the designation of award-winning firm Huff + Gooden Architects to undertake the restoration and adaptive reuse. The design team will include John A. James of Ashley Falls, who guided work on the Rev. Samuel Hopkins House in Pittsfield.

“We conducted a formal, qualifications-based process that included interviews with three excellent design and engineering teams,” said Diego Gutierrez of Great Barrington, chairman of the building committee. “We were especially impressed with the experience of the Huff + Gooden team, and their forward-thinking approach to design and process.”

The architectural firm, headed by Mario Gooden, is one of the few African-American architectural firms in the country.

The first assignment for the newly named design team is to orchestrate replacement of the building’s roof and make other structural repairs.

Wray Gunn of Sheffield, chairman of the Clinton Church Restoration, encouraged community support for the work to reshape the church “as a vibrant heritage center that celebrates the Berkshires’ rich African-American history, honors the work of the former church and its first female pastor, the Rev. Esther Dozier, and interprets the life and legacy of Great Barrington native son W.E.B. Du Bois.”        

Gun, a retired chemist with Mineral Technologies of North Canaan, is descended from Agrippa Hull of Stockbridge, orderly for Gen. Tadeusz Kosciuszko during the American Revolution.   

Among organizations already supporting the endeavor is the Salisbury-based Upper Housatonic Valley National Heritage Area, which is funded by the National Park Service. Housatonic Heritage has also supported an iron heritage trail, a paper manufacturing trail and a Native American heritage trail.

Opening on Friday, Feb. 1, at the Berkshire Museum in Pittsfield is another Housatonic Heritage-spawned activity, an NAACP Oral History Project Exhibit in collaboration with Berkshire Community College and Berkshire County Branch NAACP. The opening reception will be at 6 p.m. on that date.

Great Barrington’s select board, meanwhile, last year formed a W.E.B. Du Bois Legacy Committee to plan events and otherwise preserve and promote Du Bois’ goals of progressive education and economic justice. The committee grew out of momentum generated by a self-designated Du Bois 150th Anniversary group led by, among others, Randy Weinstein of the Du Bois Center of Great Barrington.

In its second year, a W.E.B. Du Bois Legacy Festival offers speakers, readings, music and other programs culminating in a visit from Jubilee School students, who with students at Monument Valley Regional Middle School will give a public concert, details not yet available.

Trustees of the town’s Mason Library last year endorsed exploration of the placement of a Du Bois statue on the front lawn.

 The writer has been a member of the W.E.B. Du Bois Homesite in Great Barrington and was on the first board of directors of Housatonic Heritage.

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