IBAs

A few weeks ago, Chris Field, Important Bird Areas Coordinator for Audubon Connecticut (the state office of the National Audubon Society), was in our area for a talk at the Sharon Audubon Center.

Important Bird Areas, or IBAs, are sites that have been identified as having special significance for bird conservation. They may be areas that harbor good numbers of endangered or threatened species, large flocks of waterfowl or wading birds, or sizable tracts of undisturbed habitat, such as forestlands, to name a few examples.

Through extensive documentation, mapping and analysis — including using the observations of ordinary birders — Audubon Connecticut is identifying precisely the state’s IBAs, with an eye to working toward their ultimate conservation and protection, if they are not already protected habitats. The IBA Program in Connecticut is part of a worldwide effort that utilizes the same methodology in order to prioritize and promote habitat conservation. (In the interests of full disclosure, I helped to initiate the IBA Program in the United States and Connecticut during my tenure with the National Audubon Society.)

I caught up with Chris recently to get an update of his work on IBAs, with special reference to our area.

FB: How would you characterize the Important Bird Areas in the Northwest Corner?

CF: So far, we only have two recognized IBAs in the Northwest Corner, White Memorial Foundation and Topsmead State Forest [both in Litchfield]. White Memorial is the largest recognized IBA in the state, with about 4,000 acres of diverse habitat from mature forest to various stages of early successional habitat. Topsmead State Forest was recognized as an IBA for the 100 acres of grassland habitat. [The lack of recognized IBAs in our immediate part of the corner is not surprising or alarming; the process is painstaking — see below — and requires the cooperation of landowners and public land managers — FB]

FB: What is the status of these IBAs — protected, unprotected? What are the threats, if any, to the habitats and/or birds?

CF: Both IBAs are protected. White Memorial Foundation manages their property for conservation. The field habitats at Topsmead State Forest are maintained through agricultural agreements with local farmers, ensuring that the larger fields — which are the ones that support grassland birds [e.g., bobolinks, eastern meadowlarks, savannah sparrows] — are mowed late in the season, giving the birds an opportunity to fledge their young.

FB: Give us some examples of work you have done or are doing to protect IBAs in the region, and Connecticut in general.

CF: Currently, we are working to identify the IBAs in the Northwest Highlands that support the highest-priority breeding forest species like cerulean warbler and worm-eating warbler. One of the challenges is that it’s difficult to identify and define the boundaries of IBAs for forest species. Identifying IBAs is much easier for coastal birds, because they often form colonies at discrete sites — we can simply go out and count them. Forest species are much harder to count and typically occupy more expansive areas, making it difficult to determine where the good numbers of birds are.

We are also working with our partners to get going on a second-generation breeding bird atlas. We are hoping to use advances in technology, like GIS software and remote sensing, to create an atlas that can be used to identify IBAs. Once we have a better idea of where the priority species are, we will have a much better idea of what we need to do on the ground to effectively conserve them.

FB: What can people here do to help?

CF: One simple way to help is to log sightings into eBird [online at ebird.org]. There are three main options for logging sightings — casual observations, stationary counts and traveling counts. Casual observations are great for keeping track of sightings for lists, but are not very useful for conservation purposes. Stationary counts and traveling counts are the most valuable for conservation because scientists can get an idea of which species were present, and just as important, which species were absent.

Also, both options can be tied to habitat, so we can learn something about which habitat types are most likely to support our priority species. However, it can be difficult to tie long traveling counts to specific habitats, so keep those traveling counts as short as possible!

FB: Thanks, Chris, and keep up the great work!

Fred Baumgarten is a naturalist and writer. He can be reached at fredb58@sbcglobal.net. His blog is at thatbirdblog.blogspot.com. 

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