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Rare chestnut tree, found on Mt. Riga, could help revive blighted species

SALISBURY — An American chestnut tree along the Mt. Washington road on Mt. Riga has been pollinated, as part of the effort to cross a rare surviving native tree with pollen collected from a tree bred for blight resistance.

Kendra Gurney at the American Chestnut Foundation (ACF) said the tree was located by the ACF’s Christine Cadigan and Duke Stanback, plus Falls Village’s Woods Sinclair, who has helped start a resistant chestnut forest in his town.

Gurney said the tree was pollinated last Tuesday, and shouldn’t be too hard to spot. “It would be the only tree on the side of the road with 30-plus paper bags over the branch tips.�

Cadigan said the tree is located 1.6 miles from the junction of the Mt. Riga  and Mt. Washington roads. “Heading north, it’s on the eastern side of the road in a very small cleared area. There may still be a pink landscape flag on the road, but you can definitely notice the tree with about 40 bags on it.â€�

The tree’s location was found with the aid of spatial analysis of chestnut hotspots, and with advice from Dan Brazee of Mt. Riga, Inc.

Chestnut blight was introduced into the United States in the late 19th century — an accidental import from Asia.

By 1950 some 4 billion American chestnut trees in eastern U.S. forests were gone. The species survives as root sprouts, but most young trees are killed by the blight before they can bloom and reproduce.

“The idea of this pollination is to cross a wild, native American chestnut with pollen from our research farm that has been collected from a tree bred for blight resistance,� Gurney said. “The whole breeding program takes a series of crosses to complete, and the local pollinations [such as Mt. Riga] are conducted at the step where we have the best opportunity to cross blight resistance and native genetics,� Gurney said.

“The nuts we harvest from the Mt. Riga tree will be planted in a breeding orchard [such as the one in Falls Village], grown for a few years and, when they are big enough, we will inoculate them with the blight fungus and select the most resistant offspring to continue on in the next set of crosses.

“Our goal, both at the national and state chapter level, is to breed a population of trees suitable for reintroduction to the forest and to do that we need to capture a lot of genetic diversity.�

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