Temple Beth David explores the Jews of Afghanistan

AMENIA — On Sunday, Nov. 5, Congregation Beth David invited the community to come explore the abundant history of Afghanistan’s Jewish culture, with a lecture by author Sara Y. Aharon.

All were welcomed to the lecture by the congregation’s president and treasurer, Sherry Frankel. Rabbi Jon Haddon first delivered a touching statement regarding the Manhattan terror attack that took place on Tuesday, Oct. 31.

“We are determined to live our life in that special New York way,” he said. “Our hearts go out to the families of the victims… we pray for peace and understanding, and pledge to do our part in building a better world.

He then introduced Aharon.

On top of her recognition as the author of “From Kabul to Queens: The Jews of Afghanistan and Their Move to the United States,” Haddon mentioned that Aharon was named to the Jewish Week’s “36 Under 36” honorees list of young leaders impacting the Jewish community. 

Sunday’s talk coincided with Jewish Book Month.

Her interest in exploring Afghanistan’s Jewish life, Aharon said, developed during the course of researching her family’s background, which took several years to complete. With her laptop at the podium, she led her audience on a guided tour of her research.

Bringing up a map of Afghanistan, Aharon said the land is landlocked, which could have severe implications for its economic development. 

Aharon described how the country gained its independence from British dominance following the third Afghan-Anglo war in 1919. While the country sought to establish its own political structure, she spoke of when the Jews of Afghanistan first made their arrival.

Tracing back the culture’s intricate roots, she spoke of the different descents of the Jewish and Muslim peoples as well as their connections and kinships with other communities, such as the Persians and the Prussians. 

Additionally, she pinpointed where the Afghan-Jewish communities established their homes in Afghanistan and how they structured their economies. In spite of their strict gender roles, Aharon said Afghan-Jews didn’t purchase their brides, which she explained was a significant contrast to the heavily patriarchal cultures surrounding them.

Gesturing to a photo taken of a synagogue in the city of Herat, Aharon pointed out the elaborate details featured in the synagogue’s design, including a forlorn Star of David in the courtyard. She said she had been moved by the image of the star after she learned from a relative that her family previously visited the synagogue featured in the photograph.

On the subject of leaving Afghanistan, Aharon considered whether the Afghan-Jewish people were motivated by push or pull factors. 

She expressed her astonishment in having learned that the Afghan-Jewish communities were affected World War II, later resulting in their being stripped of their ability to have independent livelihoods. By 1933, she explained that the Afghan-Jewish communities were forcibly stripped of their ability to trade with other countries along with their ability to travel outside their own country. For Afghan-Jews, the immigration from their country of origin to Israel spiked in the 1950s and 1960s — a pull factor.

Aharon asked her audience whether it could determine how many Jews are currently living in Afghanistan. Guesses from the crowd ranged from 10 to 400, and all were surprised to learn that there’s only one Jewish person residing in the entire country.

Of significant historical note, the author announced that at the end of 2011, the Israel news media station Channel 2 reported the discovery of a trove of medieval Jewish documents and items located near the famed Silk Road in Afghanistan’s northern province. 

Among the items contained in the trove, Aharon described the discovery of manuscripts written in Persian, Arabic, Judeo-Persian and Judeo-Arabic, potentially reflecting the writers’ different countries of origin as they made their way across the Middle East. 

“One thing that I feel about these documents,” Aharon said, “is they’re likely to raise as many questions as answers.”

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