Glaciers, rattlesnakes and more in Conservation Commission history

Sixpence for every rattlesnake tail. That’s what townspeople voted on and approved at a town meeting in 1741. Snake hunters were given two months to help rid Cornwall’s fertile lands of the deadly timber rattlesnakes — and collect the bounty.Such historical snippets are fascinating, but in “The Land and People of Cornwall, Connecticut, Bulletin No. 1,” readers are transported back even farther, to the time before the age of the dinosaurs. The 50-page booklet is the first in a series planned by the newly revived Cornwall Conservation Commission. Printed last summer, it offers up just what is promised: a broad look at what has come before, in an effort to educate and to help Cornwall’s people continue to take care of the town’s natural resources. Commission member Joe Markow did most of the research and writing, drawing from a wealth of information, mostly at the Cornwall Historical Society, to create an easily absorbed overview. It was published as a way of reintroducing the commission. Future bulletins will explore a variety of topics in more detail.“The idea is that when an issue becomes current, those involved in making decisions could grab a bulletin and easily get the background on the science behind it, as well as the social, economic and regulatory aspects,” Markow said.Markow is a science and math teacher at the Lee H. Kellogg School in Falls Village. He grew up near Boston and moved to the area about 20 years ago, eventually marrying Jennifer Hurlburt, thus becoming part of one of Cornwall’s oldest families.“I was more than happy to take this project on because I wanted to learn about the town myself,” he said. “Part of the commission’s mission is education, and as a teacher, that’s a way I can contribute.”Bounties on rattlesnakes are a far cry from the way things are run now. Then again, Cornwall was once far away from where it is now.In a pictorial sequence of major geological events, a shaded rectangle shows where the land that would become Cornwall is thought to have been located 500 million years ago, when North America and Africa collided, eventually forming the supercontinent of Pangaea. The tremendous pressure caused the land to fold. When the continent split apart, fissures formed. That, the book explains, was the beginning of the landscape of northwest Connecticut.The captions go on to explain rock formation and sediment deposits, then the glaciers that deposited moraines that can still be seen here ( a map is included), and further shaped the land, scouring mountains into their rolling shapes.The bulletin explains the theory of how a glacier caused the big bend in the Housatonic River just below the Covered Bridge, and the “glaciers’ gifts,” the wealth of rocks and a few solitary boulders called glacial irregulars.The bulletin fast-forwards through the first natives and early settlers, 20th-century agriculture, the legacy of the Civilian Conservation Corps and the iron industry. It looks at natural resources and preserved land. It provides vital statistics and lots of information on government and other conservation agencies and organizations. There are maps and photos, and illustrations by Cornwall youngsters.The initial printing of 110 copies has about sold out (at $5 each). Markow said there will be a second printing at some point. An online version is available at www.cornwallct.org. Click on Town Offices and scroll down to the conservation commission listing for the link.The commission welcomes ideas and help from the public. “One of the things we are working on is collecting more data on natural history and features,” Markow said. “We may focus next on special features we already know about, but that many people don’t know might be right around the corner from them. It would be great to have a database and location coordinates.”Suggestions may be sent to the CCC at Cornwall Town Hall, 26 Pine St., PO Box 97, Cornwall CT 06753.

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